Choosing between waterproof and water-resistant fabric depends on what you’re protecting and how wet it’s likely to get. A quick splash by the pool is very different to a summer storm, constant condensation, or damp grass under outdoor furniture. This guide explains what makes fabric waterproof, how it differs from water-resistant and water-repellent fabrics, and what to look for when selecting materials for outdoor gear, furniture covers, and outdoor bean bag seating.
What Is Waterproof Fabric?
Waterproof fabrics are designed to stop water from passing through the material under pressure. Waterproofness is often measured using a Hydrostatic Head (HH) rating, which tests how much water pressure a fabric can withstand before it leaks.
True waterproof performance isn’t only about the fabric. Seams and stitching matter. Even the best material can leak if needle holes and seams aren’t sealed or constructed correctly.
Waterproof fabrics are commonly used in raincoats, tents, outdoor furniture covers, marine gear, and moisture-protection products designed for high exposure environments.
How Waterproofing Is Achieved
Waterproofing usually comes from one (or a combination) of these methods:
- Waterproof coatings such as polyurethane (PU) or silicone.
- Bonded membranes like ePTFE (used in Gore-Tex-style constructions).
- Tightly woven synthetic fibres (often polyester or nylon) combined with coatings for higher protection.
Waterproof vs Water-Repellent vs Water-Resistant
These terms sound similar, but they aren’t interchangeable.
- Waterproof: blocks water penetration even under pressure (best for heavy rain or direct exposure).
- Water-repellent: water beads on the surface, but can still soak through over time or under pressure.
- Water-resistant: slows water absorption and resists light moisture, but won’t hold up in consistent wet conditions.
If you’re deciding what fabric is “good enough,” this companion guide on what fabrics are waterproof goes deeper into real-world performance and common fabric types used outdoors.
Types of Waterproof and Water-Resistant Fabrics
Here are some commonly used waterproof or water-resistant materials, along with where they tend to work best.
- Laminated cotton: natural feel with a waterproof backing (often used for jackets and accessories).
- Polyester and nylon: naturally water-resistant with tight weaves, often coated to become waterproof (common in outdoor products).
- Vinyl and plastic: fully waterproof and flexible, used in covers and bags.
- TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane): soft, flexible, and often used where waterproofing and comfort matter.
- Polyester fleece: can be water-resistant when thick, sometimes treated for additional protection.
- PUL (polyurethane laminate): waterproof and breathable, commonly used for protective covers.
- Wool: naturally water-resistant and insulates well, even when damp.
- Oilcloth: cotton or linen coated for full waterproofing (less breathable, but very protective).
If you’re comparing fibres, this guide on whether polyester fabric is waterproof clarifies what polyester can do on its own versus what requires coatings and construction upgrades.
Top Waterproof Fabric Brands
Some well-known waterproof fabric technologies include:
- Gore-Tex: ePTFE membrane construction that balances waterproofing and breathability.
- Pertex Shield: PU laminate designed for lightweight waterproof performance.
- Polartec Neoshell: air-permeable waterproof fabric designed for comfort and stretch.
Applications: Where Waterproofing Matters Most
Waterproof fabrics are used across industries, but performance needs vary depending on exposure.
- Outdoor gear: tents, rainwear, sleeping bags, and marine equipment.
- Home and outdoor living: protective covers, outdoor cushions, and seating in exposed areas.
- Medical: mattress protectors and hygiene barriers.
- Commercial and events: protective barriers and water-resistant seating solutions.
For outdoor lounging, the key question is often: will it handle splashes, wet swimmers, and damp ground? If you’re styling a pool area or outdoor entertaining space, pool bean bags are designed specifically for wet-zone use, while outdoor bean bags suit general outdoor conditions where water exposure is intermittent rather than constant.
Environmental Considerations
Many waterproof fabrics rely on synthetic fibres and chemical treatments, which can contribute to microplastic pollution and have an environmental footprint. The industry is shifting toward recycled materials and lower-impact coatings, but durability still matters: the longer a product lasts, the less often it needs replacing.
If sustainability is part of your buying decision, these guides provide useful context: is polyester recyclable and is polyester fabric safe.
Certification and Standards
If you’re buying fabric for performance use (or specifying it for products), certifications can help you compare like-for-like:
- ISO 811: a common standard for measuring waterproofness (hydrostatic pressure resistance).
- Oeko-Tex Standard 100: indicates the fabric has been tested for harmful substances.
Printing, Care, and Maintenance
Waterproof coatings and membranes need the right care to maintain performance.
- Use high-quality artwork (often RGB at around 200 dpi) if custom printing is required.
- Sublimation printing is commonly used for synthetic fabrics and can deliver durable prints.
- Hand wash gently or follow the manufacturer’s care guide to protect coatings.
- Avoid harsh chemicals that can degrade waterproof finishes over time.
Summary
Waterproof fabrics are engineered to keep water out under pressure, while water-resistant and water-repellent materials handle lighter exposure. The right choice depends on how wet the product will get, whether seams are protected, and whether breathability matters for comfort.
If you’re choosing fabric for outdoor seating or protective covers, focus on realistic exposure: splashes and damp ground may only need water resistance, while heavy rain and standing water require true waterproof construction.
Choose wisely, maintain well, and you’ll get better performance and longer life from any waterproof fabric.
